vip：出差美国？赴美签证拟要求提交社交媒体用户名
继规模空前的贸易战之后，特朗普政府又搞了个大新闻，这次的矛头对向了所有来美签证申请者。
综合新华网、搜狐的报道，美国国务院30日公布文件，拟要求外国人在申请美国签证时提交社交媒体用户名等个人信息，引发广泛关注。
新规有哪些具体内容
美国国务院公布在《联邦政府纪事》上的文件显示，这项新规定要求外国人在申请美国签证时提供过去5年在指定社交媒体平台上使用的用户名。
据美国《纽约时报》报道，该提议涉及20个社交媒体平台。它们当中的大部分是美国的：Facebook、Flickr、Google+、Instagram、领英(LinkedIn)、Myspace、Pinterest、Reddit、Tumblr、Twitter、Vine 以及 YouTube。
但也有一些是美国以外的：中国的网站豆瓣、QQ、新浪微博、腾讯微博和优酷；俄罗斯的社交网络VK；创建于比利时的 Twoo；以及拉脱维亚的一个问答平台 Ask.fm。
签证申请者也可以自行选择提供非指定社交媒体平台上的个人用户信息。
此外，签证申请者还被要求提供过去5年曾使用的电话号码、电子邮箱地址、国际旅行记录以及是否曾违法移民法、是否曾被驱逐出境、是否有家庭成员参与恐怖主义活动等信息。
影响范围有多广
此前美国只要求那些需要接受额外审查的签证申请者提供社交媒体、电子邮件和电话号码等信息。据统计，每年有6.5万名申请者属于这一范畴。
而此次的新规将适用于几乎所有美国签证申请者。据美国国务院估计，将有71万移民签证申请者和1400万非移民签证申请者受到影响。外交、公务等特定类型签证申请者不受新规影响。
不过，美国通常给予约40个国家的公民免签证旅行的待遇，这些国家包括澳大利亚、英国、加拿大、法国、德国、日本和韩国等主要盟国，这些国家的人将不受新要求的影响。
目前新规尚未生效。美国国务院在文件中说，现面向公众征集对新规的意见，即日起至5月29日止，为期60天。新规施行前还须得到美国行政管理和预算局批准。
报道称，新建议将对大批申请前往美国工作或消遣的人增加一项实实在在的新要求，包括巴西、中国、印度和墨西哥等国在内的公民都将受到影响。
出台目的是什么
美国国务院在文件中说，收集这些信息的目的在于对签证申请者进行身份识别和审查。国务院在另外一份声明中表示，这些额外信息“将强化对签证申请者审查及确认他们身份的流程”。
分析人士认为，这项新规定迎合了总统特朗普要求对所有申请进入美国的外国人进行“极端审查”的主张。特朗普认为，“极端审查”将有助于防范恐怖主义。美国国土安全部实际上从去年开始就已经加强对入境人员的筛查。去年10月底纽约发生卡车撞人恐袭事件后，特朗普曾责令国土安全部继续加强筛查措施。
特朗普在移民问题上立场强硬，主张限制移民并提出修建边境隔离墙、废除“连锁移民”和“绿卡抽签”项目、抓捕和遣返非法移民等举措，并颁布针对多国公民的旅行禁令。这些主张和举措不断受到政界和法律界人士的挑战。
批评人士指出，此次的签证新规不仅会侵犯签证申请者的隐私，也势必将加大审查工作量及获签难度，而且未必能达到特朗普的设想。
当然抗议是少不了的
在Facebook泄密门的风口浪尖上，此举一出就引发了大量的吐槽和抗议。据环球网报道，美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)认为，签证新规必然会惹恼个人隐私和公民权利的拥护者。他们认为，这一措施将延滞签证申请进程，让合法的入境行为受到限制。
从事移民和国际人权研究的德雷克塞尔大学法学副教授阿尼尔·卡尔汉在推特上写道：“这是毫无必要的侵扰，简直匪夷所思。”
就连最近一直被声讨的Facebook也站出来反对：Facebook的立场自去年以来没有变过，我们反对任何迫使旅行者在边境上交出个人账号信息（包括密码）的努力。
特朗普对待移民问题的态度一直非常强硬，一方面不断提高移民申请门槛，一方面逐渐缩减“政治庇护”的范围和力度，曾经的“美国梦”不在，美国不再是一个欢迎移民的国家了。
当然，目前这一新规还在审查阶段，能不能通过还是未知数。但还是建议有来美计划的人，谨慎言行吧……
http://www.uschinapress.com/2018/0402/1129016.shtml
vip：上面提到的部分网站
vip：签证为什么你提交用户名，估计它会评估2个部分的内容
1. 你本身的言词是否有反美情绪
2. 你的好友中是否有人是反美的，估计会和美国的某数据库碰撞检测。
所以你在加facebook,linkedin好友的时候，还得留点心，别一不小心加了一个“反革命”,耽误你出差旅行
vip：印度网站的信息
WASHINGTON: The Trump administration wants all US visa applicants to submit details of their previous phone numbers, email addresses and social media histories as part of its "vetting" practice and to prevent entry of individuals who might pose a threat to the country.
In a document posted on the Federal Register on Thursday, anyone who wants to come to the US on a non-immigrant visa will have to answer a list of questions under new rules.
The State Department estimates that the new visa forms would affect 710,000 immigrant and 14 million non-immigrant visa applicants.
It said that in addition to asking the visa applicants to provide their identifications or handles of their social media platform, they would also be asked to give details of their phone and mobile numbers used in the last five years.
Other questions seek five years of previously used telephone numbers, email addresses and international travel whether the visa applicant has been deported or removed from any country and whether specified family members have been involved in terrorist activities, said the document which would be formally published today.
After its publication, the public would have 60 days to comment on the proposed new visa form.
"One question lists multiple social media platforms and requires the applicant to provide any identifiers used by applicants for those platforms during the five years preceding the date of application," the document said.
It said the State Department will collect the information from visa applicants for "identity resolution and vetting purposes" based on statutory visa eligibility standards.
However, it intends not to routinely ask the question of applicants for specific visa classifications, such as most diplomatic and official visa applicants, it said.
The revised visa application forms will also include additional information regarding the visa medical examination that some applicants may be required to undergo.
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/us-wants-visa-applicants-to-submit-phone-email-social-media-details/articleshow/63542629.cms
vip：美国同时收紧了H-1B工作签证，先看去年的一条新闻。
美国总统特朗普近日造访了威斯康星州的一家工具工厂，同时也接见了那些帮助他赢得大选的蓝领工人。在此行期间，特朗普还将预计签署一项被他的执政团队称为“买美国货，用美国人”的行政法令。
根据两名白宫高级官员上周一发布的一份简报，作为贯彻落实特朗普总统“用美国人”政策的一部分，该行政令特别指示各联邦机构要“严肃处理移民系统的欺诈和滥用行为”，同时要求美国国务院及劳工部、司法部、国土安全部启动对外籍员工H-1B签证政策的改革。
特朗普在大选期间就曾经拉被裁员的IT业员工给自己壮声势，并呼吁废止H-1B签证项目。他起初曾表示，H-1B签证对美国工人简直是一种“屠杀”，并且会降低美国工人的工资。但他后来在这个问题上的态度突然发生了软化。本月早些时候，美国政府再次开放了H-1B签证的申请，今年的85,000个配额也未受特朗普政府的干扰。
什么是H-1B签证？
H-1B签证允许美国企业短期雇佣外籍工人从事科学、工程、信息技术等领域的专业性岗位。所聘请的外籍工人通常需具备高度专业化的知识，并且至少要具备相关专业领域的学士以上学位。H-1B签证允许外籍工人一次性居留三年。
H-1B签证在硅谷使用得很广，特别是在以塔塔（Tata）、印孚瑟斯（Infosys）和高知特（Cognizant）等为代表的外包型公司。这些公司每年付给持H-1B签证的外籍员工的薪水大约在65,000至70,000美元之间，而谷歌和微软这种企业更是能给出10万美元以上的高薪。几乎70%的H-1B签证的持有者都是印度人。
每年，美国政府都会向外国人发放85,000份H-1B签证，其中有2万份是专门发给硕士学历以上人群的。H-1B签证主要通过随机抽签的形式发放。
由于H-1B签证非常有含金量，一般美国政府的申请窗口刚刚打开几天，申请的人数就超过了上限。今年《纽约时报》还专门报道了签证申请如潮涌入的盛况。申请窗口打开不到四天，美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）就达到了申请上限。
特朗普的“用美国人”行政令对H-1B签证项目有何影响？
简而言之，至少在短期内不会有什么影响。特朗普的“买美国货，用美国人”行政令预计并不会在短期内改革H-1B签证项目，不过它的确已经敦促四家联邦机构提出改革方案。
白宫的一位高级官员本周一表示，美国政府的目标是最终改革H-1B签证的抽签制度，因为该制度过于向低薪工人倾斜。改革后的制度将更倾向于高技能的高薪人才——如具备硕士学历以上者。
他表示：“我们要对这些签证的发放建立一个全新的架构。我的意思是，它将是H-1B项目的彻底转型。”
其它可能的改革措施还包括提高该签证的手续费等。
该白宫官员还指出，有关机构将根据正式流程制定相关规则，或则将采取必要的立法措施以对该项目进行改革。
今年1月，H-1B签证的改革事宜的确曾被提到美国国会讨论。然而自从1月13日以来，它仍然被搁置在国会下属的一个移民委员会，目前仍未有任何动向。
http://money.163.com/17/0425/21/CITAEHN7002580S6.html
===========================
2018年印度网站的信息
H-1B Visa application process begins today: All you need to know
https://smedia2.intoday.in/btmt/images/stories/visa_660_040218042155.jpg
The H-1B visa process for the fiscal year 2018-19, widely being called the toughest visa application process begins today, April 2. The Trump administration that rolled out the 'Buy American and Hire American' Executive Order will be scrutinising every application minutely before issuing the most sought-after work visa. According to multiple reports this year there will be zero tolerance for minor errors, taking the already difficult process to a new level. Immigration attorneys are expecting a higher rate of rejection this year, as mentioned in a report by NDTV.
The H-1B visa is a non-immigrant visa that is issued to foreign workers. Thousands of Indian employees are currently working in the US through the H-1B.
A few days earlier, USCIS had temporarily suspended the premium processing of visas. The Premium Processing Service is an expedited processing of particular employment-based applications. This service is being suspended till September 10.
"This temporary suspension will help us reduce overall H-1B processing times. By temporarily suspending premium processing, we will be able to process long-pending petitions, which we have currently been unable to process due to the high volume of incoming petitions and the significant surge in premium processing requests over the past few years," the USCIS had said.
The H-1B visa has an annual numerical limit cap of 65,000 visas each year. The first 20,000 petitions filed on behalf of beneficiaries with a US master's degree or higher are exempted from the cap.
USCIS said that it will reject H-1B petitions requesting an earlier employment start date or a start date of 'As Soon As Possible' or 'ASAP'.
"Complete all sections of the form accurately, the petitioner should include a copy of the beneficiary's valid passport," USCIS added.
If the applicant is seeking an extension of stay or change of status, he or she should include evidence to establish that the beneficiary will maintain a valid non-immigrant status through the employment start date being requested, USCIS said in its filing tips.
When the successful applicant appears before the American diplomatic missions, embassies and consulates for a formal visa interview and stamping on their passport, they would have to be ready with details of the social media profile, emails and phone numbers of the last five years.
Ahead of the H-1B visa filing process, USCIS said this work visa should help US companies recruit highly-skilled foreign nationals when there is a shortage of qualified workers in the country. "Yet, too many American workers who are as qualified, willing, and deserving to work in these fields have been ignored or unfairly disadvantaged. Employers who abuse the H-1B visa program may negatively affect US workers, decreasing wages and opportunities as they import more foreign workers," it said.
(With PTI inputs)
https://www.businesstoday.in/current/economy-politics/h1b-visa-application-process-begins-today-all-you-need-know/story/273894.html
